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README.md

Awesome C

A curated list of C good stuff. This list contains only open-source code (as defined by the linked Open Source Definition), and sellers who aren't evil for physical resources.

This is released under a Creative Commons-Attribution-ShareAlike license, version 4 (SPDX code CC-BY-SA-4.0). You can find its text in the LICENSE file.

An important note: This project does not index anything C++-related; only pure C stuff is considered.

Note for contributors: If you want to make a pull request, please read CONTRIBUTING.md first.

Contents

AI

Computer vision, neural nets, machine learning, and other similar things. Basically, if your university calls it AI, it lives here.

  • ccv - C-based/Cached/Core Computer Vision library; modern computer vision. BSD-3-Clause.
  • Cranium - Portable, header-only ANN library in C99. MIT.
  • FANN - Fast Artifical Neural Network library; an implementation of neural networks. GPL-2.0-only.
  • Genann - Simple ANN in C89, without additional dependencies. Zlib.
  • KANN - Two-file ANN library. MIT.
  • libdeep - Deep learning library. BSD-3-Clause.

Build Systems

Tools that automate the building and testing of projects in C.

  • Autoconf - Extensible package of M4 macros that produce shell scripts to automatically configure software source code packages. Part of the Autotools. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • Automake - Tool for automatically generating Makefile.in files compliant with the GNU Coding Standards. Requires the use of Autoconf. Part of the Autotools. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • CMake - Cross-platform family of tools designed to build, package and test software. BSD-3-Clause.
  • GNU Make - Tool which controls the generation of executables and other non-source files of a program. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • Libtool - Generic library support script. Part of the Autotools. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • Meson - Extremely fast, user-friendly build system. Based on Ninja. Apache-2.0.
  • Premake - Command-line utility which reads a scripted definition of a software project and uses it to generate project files for Visual Studio and GNU Make. Other targets are also being worked on. BSD-3-Clause.
  • tup - Very fast, file-based, cross-platform build system. GPL-2.0-only.
  • zproject - Project generator and build system support tool. MPL-2.0.

Compilers

Compilers, as well as compiler- and compilation-related tooling.

  • ccache - Compiler cache designed to speed up recompilation. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • Clang - Compiler for LLVM. Supports C11. NCSA.
  • distcc - Program that allows builds to be distributed among several machines. GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • Firm - Library that provides a graph-based intermediate representation, optimizations and assembly code generation suitable for use in compilers. Comes with an example C front-end under the same license. LGPL-2.1-only.
  • GCC - Provides a C compiler as part of its compiler set. Supports C11. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • PCC - Venerable compiler. Supports C99. Various licenses, all open-source.

Compression

  • blosc - Extremely fast, multi-threaded, meta-compressor library. Various licenses, all open-source.
  • clzip - C version of the high-quality data compressor Lzip (LZMA implementation). GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • CRoaring - C implementation of Roaring bitmaps. Apache-2.0.
  • DENSITY - Super-fast compression library. BSD-3-Clause.
  • heatshrink - Data compression/decompression library for embedded and real-time systems. ISC.
  • fast_zlib - Improved zlib, which runs 2 to 10 times faster. BSD-3-Clause.
  • huffandpuff - Minimal Huffman encoder and decoder. Public domain.
  • libbzip2 - Patent-free, high-quality data compression library. BSD-4-Clause.
  • Lizard - Formerly LZ5; an efficient compressor with very fast decompression. Achieves compression ratios comparable with zip and zlib at decompression speeds of 1000MB/s and faster. BSD-2-Clause.
  • lz4 - Library for an extremely fast compression algorithm. BSD-2-Clause.
  • lzo - Very fast data compression library. GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • shoco - Compressor for small text strings. MIT.
  • SIMDComp - Simple library for compressing lists of integers using binary packing. Makes use of SIMD instructions on x86. BSD-3-Clause.
  • smaz - Efficient string compression library. BSD-3-Clause.
  • squash - Compression abstraction library, complete with some utilities. MIT.
  • TurboPFor - Fastest integer compression. GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • TurboRLE - Most efficient run-length encoding. GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • zip - Really really small zip archive processing library. Unlicense.
  • Zlib - Massively spiffy yet delicately unobtrusive compression library. [BSD-3-Clause][BSD-3-Clause``].
  • Zstandard - Fast, lossless compression algorithm, targeting real-time compression scenarios at zlib-level or better compression ratios. BSD-3-Clause.

Concurrency and Parallelism

  • cchan - Small library for channel constructs for inter-thread communication. Public domain.
  • cf4ocl - The C Framework for OpenCL; a cross-platform object-oriented framework for developing and benchmarking OpenCL projects. LGPL-3.0-only.
  • checkedthreads - No race condition goes unnoticed! A simple library for parallelism, with built-in checking for race conditions. BSD-2-Clause.
  • ck - Concurrency primitives, safe memory reclamation mechanisms and non-blocking data structures. BSD-2-Clause.
  • libconcurrent - Concurrent programming library, using coroutines, for C11. BSD-3-Clause.
  • libdill - Library which makes structured concurrent programming easy. MIT.
  • libhl - Library implementing a thread-safe API to manage a range of data structures. Also provides some supporting functions and structures for concurrent and lockfree programming. LGPL-3.0-only.
  • liburcu - Data synchronization library, which scales linearly with the number of cores. LGPL-2.1-or-later.
  • mill - Go-style concurrency. MIT.
  • OpenMP - Set of pragmas designed to allow for easy parallelization of code. Standard (licensing not applicable).
  • OpenMPI - Message passing interface implementation. BSD-3-Clause.
  • pal - Optimized library for maths, parallel processing and data movement. Apache-2.0.
  • pth - Portable implementation for non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • pthreads - POSIX thread library. Standard (no license applicable).
  • TinyCThread - Portable, small implementation of the C11 threads API. Zlib.

Crypto

Mostly library implementations of well-known cryptographic algorithms or protocols.

  • GNU SASL - Implementation of the Simple Authentication and Security Layer and a few common SASL mechanism. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • GnuTLS - Secure communication library, implementing SSL, TLS and DTLS. LGPL-2.1-or-later.
  • libgcrypt - General-purpose cryptography library, with a range of available ciphers. LGPL-2.1-or-later.
  • OpenSSL - Implementation of the SSL and TLS protocols. Also includes a cryptography library. Dual Licensed under the OpenSSL License and the SSLeay License.
  • liboqs - Library for quantum-resistant cryptographicl algorithms. MIT.
  • libsodium - Modern and easy-to-use crypto library. MIT.
  • libtomcrypt - Fairly comprehensive, modular and portable cryptographic toolkit. Public domain.
  • mbed TLS - Another crypto implementation. Apache-2.0.
  • MIRACL - Multiprecision Integer and Rational Arithmetic Cryptographic Library; an SDK for elliptic curve cryptography. AGPL-3.0-or-later.
  • retter - Collection of hash functions, ciphers, tools, libraries and materials related to cryptography and security. Public domain.
  • s2n - C99 implementation of the TLS/SSL protocols, designed to be simple, fast and with security as a priority. Apache-2.0.
  • sphlib - Set of implementations of various hash functions, including several cryptographic ones. MIT.
  • trezor-crypto - Heavily-optimized crypto algorithms for embedded devices. MIT.

Database

Databases and data stores with C APIs.

Data Structures

  • Collections-C - Library of generic data structures. LGPL-3.0-or-later.
  • kdtree - Simple library for working with KD-trees. BSD-3-Clause.
  • libavl - Library containing a range of self-balancing binary trees. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • liblfds - Portable lock-free data structure library. Public domain (more exactly, whatever license you want).
  • M*LIB - Library for generic, but typesafe C containers. Implemented as header-only. BSD-2-Clause
  • offbrand - Collection of generic, reference-counted data structures. MIT.
  • PackedArray - Random-access array of tightly-packed unsigned integers of any desired width. Has a SIMD-optimized implementation. WTFPL.
  • uthash - Single-file hash table implementation. BSD-1-Clause.
  • vector.h - Header library for typed lists. MIT.

Debugging

Because we all have to do it sometimes. Various tools for making debugging easier or better, as well as libraries or code that allows better debugging work.

  • C-Reduce - Tool that takes a large C file with a property of interest and automatically produces a much smaller C file that has the same property. Intended to help create minimal bug-demonstrating cases in complex code. BSD-3-Clause.
  • CBMC - C Bounded Model Checker; a tool for verification of array bounds, pointer safety and user-specified assertions. BSD-4-Clause.
  • cflow - Analyzes a collection of source files and prints a graph charting control flow in the program. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • Complexity - Tool for measuring the complexity of source code. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • CScout - Source code analyzer and refactoring browser for C programs. GPL-3.0-only.
  • DDD - Graphical front-end for a range of command-line debuggers. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • debug - One-header library for easier 'printf debugging'. MIT.
  • GDB - GNU Project debugger. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • lldb - LLVM debugger. NCSA.
  • rr - Debugger that records non-deterministic executions to allow for deterministic debugging. BSD-2-Clause.
  • Valgrind - Range of dynamic analysis tools, including a leak checker. GPL-2.0-only.

Documentation Generation

  • Cxref - Generates documentation in either LaTeX, HTML, RTF or SGML. GPL-2.0-only.
  • DocOnce - Modestly-tagged markup language that can be used to generate a range of formats. BSD-3-Clause.
  • Doxygen - De-facto standard tool for generating documentation from annotated sources. Can generate a large range of formats. GPL-2.0-only.
  • GTK-Doc - Tool for generating documentation from annotated sources. Has support for the Autotools. GPL-2.0-only.

Editors

Fancier, IDE-type editors. If you want a programmer's text editor, look elsewhere. Besides, whatever you use most likely supports C anyway.

Frameworks

Big libraries that provide data structures and other stuff you expect of a 'modern' standard library.

  • APR - Apache Portable Runtime; another library of cross-platform utility functions. Apache-2.0.
  • C Algorithms - Collection of common algorithms and data structures. ISC.
  • CPL - The Common Pipeline Library; a set of libraries designed to be a comprehensive, efficient and robust software toolkit. GPL-2.0-only.
  • EFL - Large collection of useful data structures and functions. Various licenses, all open-source.
  • GLib - Library of utility functions and structures, designed to be portable, efficient and powerful. LGPL-2.1-only.
  • GIO - Modern and easy-to-use VFS API. LGPL-2.1-only.
  • GObject - Object-oriented system and object model. LGPL-2.1-only.
  • klib - Small and lightweight implementations of common algorithms and data structures. MIT.
  • libcork - Utility functions and structures, designed for resource-constrained systems. Can be embedded. BSD-3-Clause.
  • libnih - Lightweight library of functions and structures. GPL-2.0-only.
  • libU - Small library of basic utilities, including memory allocation, string manipulation and logging. BSD-3-Clause.
  • PBL - Large library of utilities, featuring data structures, among other things. LGPL-2.1-or-later.
  • qlibc - Simple and powerful library, designed as a replacement for GLib while focusing on being small and light. BSD-2-Clause.
  • TBOX - Multi-platform library with a large number of capabilities. LGPL-2.1-or-later.

Game Programming

Engines, libraries and other helpful things specifically for making games.

  • Allegro - Cross-platform, video game development and multimedia library. Zlib.
  • Chipmunk2D - Fast and lightweight 2D game physics library. MIT.
  • Corange - Game engine in pure C. BSD-2-Clause.
  • CSFML - Binding for SFML. Zlib.
  • Darkplaces - Modified version of the Quake2 engine. GPL-2.0-only.
  • Epoxy - Library for handling OpenGL function pointer management. MIT.
  • FreeGLUT - Alternative to the OpenGL Utility Toolkit. Allows the creation and management of windows with OpenGL contexts. X11.
  • GLFW - Multi-platform library for creating windows with OpenGL contexts. Zlib.
  • ioquake3 - Quake3 engine, freed at last. GPL-2.0-only.
  • kazmath - Maths library for games. BSD-2-Clause.
  • libao - Cross-platform audio library with a wide variety of outputs. GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • MATHC - Math library for 2D and 3D programming. ZLib.
  • Orx - Portable, lightweight, plugin-based, data-driven, 2D-oriented game engine. Zlib.
  • Quake - Quake engine. GPL-2.0-only.
  • Quake2 - Quake2 engine. GPL-2.0-only.
  • raylib - Simple and easy-to-use library to learn video game programming. Zlib.
  • RetroArch - Reference frontend for libretro. GPL-3.0-only.
  • SDL2 - Cross-platform library designed to provide low-level access to audio, keyboard, mouse, joystick and graphics hardware via OpenGL. Zlib.
  • sdl-gpu - Library for high-performance, modern 2D graphics. Based on SDL. MIT.
  • SIGIL - Sound, Input and Graphics Integration Library; a simple alternative to other libraries for doing all those things. Various licenses, all open-source.
  • Spearmint - Engine designed for FPS games. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • uastar - Minimal A* implementation. ZLib.

Graphics

Programmatic manipulation of graphics in C; if you want to make a GUI, the Graphical User Interface section has what you need.

Graphical User Interface

Widget toolkits, or things meant to be used in a similar way to them.

  • GTK+ - Cross-platform widget toolkit. LGPL-2.1-only.
  • IUP - Another cross-platform widget toolkit. MIT.
  • nuklear - Small, C89, single-header widget toolkit. Public domain.
  • tinyfiledialogs - Single-file library for simple dialogs. Compatible with many other toolkits and OSes. Zlib.
  • Tk - Basic widget toolkit. Part of Tcl/Tk. TCL.
  • XForms Toolkit - Widget toolkit designed for the XWindow system. LGPL-2.1-only.

Hashing

Hash function implementations for non-crypto purposes. Cryptographic hashes can be found in the Crypto section.

  • CLHash - Library implementing the ridiculously fast CLHash hashing function. Only works on Intel Haswell or newer. Apache-2.0.
  • HighwayHash - Fast, strong, SIMD-using hash function. Also contains an implementation of SipHash (although this is slower). Apache-2.0.
  • t1ha - Fast Positive Hash - a portable, fast hash function. BSD-3-Clause.
  • xxHash - Extremely fast hashing algorithm. Comes in 32 and 64-bit varieties. BSD-2-Clause.

JSON

Learning, Reference and Tutorials

Resources for learning C programming in general, or something useful relating to C programming.

Reference resources online

Beginner resources online

Intermediate resources online

Advanced resources online

Online self-study courses

Reference books

Beginner books

Intermediate books

Advanced books

Lexing and Parsing

Libraries specifically for lexical analysis (or lexing) and syntactic analysis (or parsing).

  • flex - Fast lexical analyzer generator. BSD-2-Clause.
  • GNU Bison - General-purpose parser generator that converts an annotated context-free grammar into a range of parsers. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • hammer - Parser combinators for binary formats. GPL-2.0-only.
  • mpc - Parser combinator library. BSD-2-Clause.
  • re2c - Lexer generator, producing very fast lexers, with access to its internals. Public domain.

Memory Management

Whether a different, faster malloc or outright garbage collection, anything to do with managing C memory lives here.

Multimedia

Networking and Internet

Low-level networking and internet-related stuff. If you want something more comprehensive and high-level, you may want the Web Frameworks section.

Numerical

  • apophenia - Library for statistical and scientific computing. GPL-2.0-only.
  • Arb - Library for arbitrary-precision interval arithmetic. LGPL-2.1-or-later.
  • ATLAS - Automatically Tuned Linear Algebra Software. BSD-3-Clause.
  • clBLAS - BLAS functions written in OpenCL. Apache-2.0.
  • Cuba - Library for multidimensional numerical integration. LGPL-3.0-only.
  • FFTW - The Fastest Fourier Transform in the West; a highly-optimized fast Fourier transform routine. GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • FLINT - Fast Library for Number Theory; a library supporting arithmetic with numbers, polynomials, power series and matrices, among others. GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • GLPK - GNU Linear Programming Kit; a package designed for solving large-scale linear programming, mixed integer programming and other related problems. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • GMP - GNU Multple Precision Arithmetic Library; a library for arbitrary-precision arithmetic. GPL-2.0-only or LGPL-3.0-only.
  • GNU MPC - Library for complex number arithmetic. LGPL-3.0-or-later.
  • GNU MPFR - Library for arbitrary-precision floating-point arithmetic. LGPL-3.0-or-later.
  • GNU MPRIA - Portable mathematics library for multi-precision rational interval arithmetic. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • GSL - The GNU Scientific Library; a sophisticated numerical library. GPL-3.0-only.
  • KISS FFT - Very simple fast Fourier transform library. BSD-3-Clause.
  • LAPACKE - Interface to LAPACK. BSD-3-Clause.
  • LibTomMath - Portable, number-theoretic, multiple-precision integer library. Supports algebra, digit manipulation, modular reductions, and various number-theoretic routines. Public domain.
  • LibTomPoly - Polynomial-related maths library. Public domain.
  • PARI/GP - Computer algebra system for number theory; includes a compiler to C. GPL-2.0-or-later.
  • PETSc - Suite of data structures and routines for scalable parallel solution of scientific applications modelled by partial differential equations. BSD-2-Clause.
  • SCS - Splitting Conic Solver; a numerical optimization package for solving large-scale convex cone problems. MIT.
  • SLEPc - Library for the solution of large, sparse eigenvalue problems on parallel computers. LGPL-3.0-only.
  • TomsFastMath - Set of assembly-level-optimized maths operations, suitable for cryptographic use. Public domain.
  • Yeppp! - Very fast, SIMD-optimized mathematical library. BSD-3-Clause.

Profiling

Regex

  • Onigmo - Fork of Oniguruma, supporting more advanced regexps. BSD-2-Clause.
  • Oniguruma - Regex library supporting a wide range of encodings, and incorporating many security-oriented fixes. BSD-2-Clause.
  • PCRE - Implementation of regexes identical to that of Perl 5. BSD-3-Clause.
  • SLRE - Super Light Regular Expression library; a very small implementation of a subset of Perl regex syntax. GPL-2.0-only.
  • TRE - POSIX-compliant, feature-full regex library. BSD-2-Clause.

Serialization

  • binn - Binary serialization format, meant to be compact, fast and easy-to-use. Apache-2.0.
  • c-capnproto - Implementation of the Cap'n Proto serialization protocol. MIT.
  • cmp - Implementation of the MessagePack serialization protocol. MIT.
  • flatcc - FlatBuffers compiler and library. Apache-2.0.
  • libavro - Implementation of the Avro data serialization system. Apache-2.0.
  • mpack - Another implementation of the MessagePack serialization protocol. MIT.
  • OPIC - Object Persistence in C; a revolutionary serialization framework, with matching on-disk and in-memory representations. GPL-3.0-or-later.
  • protobuf-c - Implementation of Google Protocol Buffer. BSD-2-Clause.
  • tpl - Small binary serialization library. MIT.
  • xdr - External Data Representation; a standard for data serialization. Standard (no license applicable).

Source Code Collections

Collections of small source code. If you want something big and integrated, check the Frameworks section.

  • CCAN - Modelled after Perl's CPAN, this is a big collection of code that does stuff. The full list is here. Various licenses, all open-source.
  • clib - Something of a package manager. Comes with a bunch of libraries of its own. MIT.
  • gnulib - Collection of common GNU code. Various licenses, all open-source.
  • libdjb - Collection of libraries doing various things. (Apparently) public domain.
  • par - Bunch of single-file libraries. MIT.
  • Snippets - (Hopefully) useful code snippets and header-only libraries. Public domain.
  • stb - Range of single-file libraries. Public domain.
  • tinyheaders - Collection of header-only libraries, primarily oriented toward game development. Zlib.

Standard Libraries

Implementations of the (standard-mandated) C standard library.

String Manipulation

Testing

Text Editor Extensions

While practically any decent programmer's text editor supports C, there are some extensions that make it more pleasant. These are labelled by editor.

Tools

Useful programs to help you write and debug C code which are not editors, libraries or compilers.

Utilities

A 'catch-all' category for anything that doesn't fit well anywhere else.

Web Frameworks

Comprehensive and integrated solutions for building the next brilliant web application in C.

  • balde - Microframework based on GLib. LGPL-2.1-only.
  • facil.io - Mini-framework for web applications. Includes a fast HTTP and Websocket server, and also supports custom protocols. MIT.
  • KLone - Fully-featured, multi-platform, web application development framework, targeted especially at embedded systems and appliances. BSD-3-Clause.
  • Kore - Easy-to-use web application framework for writing scalable web APIs in C. ISC.

Windows Environments

Technologies designed to bring Windows into the 21st century with respect to support for C.

  • Cygwin - Designed to emulate a POSIX-compatible environment extensively under Windows. Various licenses, all open-source.
  • MinGW-w64 - Minimalist environment for C development on Windows with 64 bit support. Various licenses, all open-source.
  • MSYS2 - Minimal SYStem 2; aims to provide support for a POSIX environment on Windows, with a package manager based on Arch Linux's pacman. Packages have individual licenses, otherwise, as MinGW and Cygwin.

XML

  • Expat - Stream-oriented XML parser. MIT.
  • libxml2 - Standards-compliant, portable XML parser. MIT.
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